Social Science Research

spectrophotometery essays

spectrophotometery expositions The reason for this lab try is to comprehend the employments of spectrophotometry. This trial focuses on the employments of the spectrophotometer, and utilizing this instrument to explicitly decide the retention range of a cobalt chloride arrangement, a galactose arrangement, and to decide an obscure centralization of a galactose arrangement. Present day scientists habitually utilize the estimation of light assimilation to decide centralization of synthetic compounds. The procedure is called spectrophotometry. In any case, why is light retained? Light might be just dispersed by particles, yet this is critical to the estimation of genuinely assimilated light. Light is the piece of electromagnetic radiation to which the natural eye is touchy. Light is vitality, and when consumed by a synthetic it brings about an adjustment in vitality levels of the compound. The vitality of light relies upon its frequencies. Longer frequencies, for example, infrared, have less vitality than shorter frequencies, for example, bright. An atom will assimilate light vitality when a frequency precisely coordinates the vitality distinction between two vitality conditions of the particle. A spectrophotometer utilizes the transmission of light through a particular answer for decide the convergence of a solute inside an answer. It depends on a straightforward structure of passing light of a known frequency through an example and estimating the measure of light vitality that is transmitted. The structure of a solitary shaft spectrophotometer includes a light source, a crystal, an example holder, and a photocell. Associated with each are the fitting electrical or mechanical to control the enlightening power, the frequencies, and for transformation of vitality got to coherent information that can be recorded, which is known as a voltage variance. This voltage vacillation is shown carefully and recorded for additional investigation. The entire thought of spectrophotometery deciding the convergence of a compound is ba... <!

Using the xat Essay Topics List

Using the xat Essay Topics ListA xat essay topics list should help you find essay topics that will let you express your ideas clearly. With your essay topics list, you can concentrate on writing the essay and not worrying about finding essay topics. The choice of essay topics should be based on your understanding of the subject matter.There are some good methods for finding essay topics and I suggest that you take advantage of these methods. If you are already in school, then you will be able to use your professors' lists of essay topics. You will be able to check your professor's topics before you go into the class and you may find some good topics on your own. Another method is to use the resources available on the Internet.You can use a free search for essay topics by clicking on the box marked 'find' next to your topic and then typing in your topic. You will be shown the list of sites that offer the topic and you can check the things that interest you. You will also be able to se e if the topic is recommended by another student or if it is a popular topic. This will allow you to narrow down your search if you want to write an essay on a particular topic.One great way to write an essay on a topic is to read through several different topics. This will give you ideas and information on different topics. Once you have read several topics, you will probably find one that interests you. After you have written your essay, you will be able to follow the directions of the article.When you have found one topic that interests you, then you will need to plan your essay. You will need to research and discuss your topic and this can be done in several ways. Some people prefer to write about what they have learned or experienced in school. Other people like to write about things that they have learned from the internet.This should make it easier for you to write your essay. Once you have your topic in mind, you will need to start planning for your essay. The first thing yo u will need to do is to write down your topic and this will be your foundation. As you research topics and other essays you will find that there are some really great topics.There are many different opinions on how to write an essay. A good place to find some ideas is from friends and family members. After you read several essays and write a few yourself, you will be able to choose the topic that will best suit your needs.The first step in choosing essay topics is to get started. The next step is to read and write about your topic. After you have your topic and have written a few essays, you will find that using the xat essay topics list will be your best friend.

The Government And Its Infringement On Privacy - 2092 Words

Melissa Wilson 6/6/16 Doran Gemini English 103 Final Exam Paper The Government and its Infringement on Privacy Is anyone’s private information contained in their cell phone actually private? Are appointments, bank information, conversations, the user’s location or other sensitive personal information truly confidential? Is there a Big Brother watching? There is no definitive answer to any of these questions. From the beginning of time to now, privacy has become more and more scarce. Through new developments in technology, it is hard to believe that someone is not watching your move at any given moment. The government’s job is to keep Americans safe, but where is the line drawn? Where is the difference between having a reasonable doubt and accessing information solely because these government officials have the power to do so? The government has infringed upon the rights of the American people when it comes to this topic. As human beings and citizens of the world, everyone values their privacy. It is a right that is often looked over and taken for granted by most. Since th e beginning of time, there have been concerns about individuals’ rights to privacy and their personal information remaining confidential. Our founding fathers had concerns about this which is why, â€Å"†¦this right has developed intoShow MoreRelatedThe Government And Its Infringement On Privacy1902 Words   |  8 PagesThe Government and its Infringement on Privacy Is anyone’s private information contained in their cell phone actually private? Are appointments, bank information, conversations, the user’s location or other sensitive personal information truly confidential? Is there a Big Brother watching? There is no definitive answer to any of these questions. From the beginning of time to now, privacy has become more and more scarce. Through new developments in technology, it is hard to believe thatRead MoreGovernment Infringement On Right And Privacy1005 Words   |  5 PagesBrad Tulkki Cisewski ENGL 1202-14 15 March 2017 Government Infringement on Right to Privacy According to Vice President Mike Pence, â€Å"The Patriot Act is essential to our continued success in the war on terror here at home.† (Brainyquote). Politicians across the political spectrum overwhelmingly agree that the Patriot Act is a necessary measure to protect the citizens of the United States from the imminent threat of terrorism.   After the terror attacks of September 11th, 2001, fear filled the emotionsRead MorePrivacy Infringement by Surveillance Technology1042 Words   |  5 Pagestechnology trends, the government has started to store the public database and the other activities through internet i.e. the government is trying to switch over e-governance. But inspite of such development and advancement, the surveillance technology is in the controversy of infringement of the individual’s privacy. So, the presentation will cover the perspectives on how the surveillance technology has infringed the individual privacy. The paper has 4 parts, meaning of privacy and how the conceptRead MoreExclusionary Rule And The Rule Of Law1385 Words   |  6 Pagesalways factor in the provisions of criminal procedure and natural justice when cross-examining offenders. In light of this, the exclusionary rule allows a defendant to argue his case if his privacy rights were violated before arraigned in court. In essence, the provisions of the exclusionary rule prevent the government authorities and machinery such as FBI and CIA from gathering evidence from an individual in a manner that disrespects the United States constitution. Therefore, the exclusionary law protectsRead MoreInformation, Personal, And Social Media1303 Words   |  6 Pagescorrect for an employer or the government to be able to access someone’s personal information. This includes, but is not limited to, as outlined in Charles J. Sykes essay, medical information, personal e-mail correspondence, social media account information, a personâ₠¬â„¢s voice mail, what you have stored on your computer, and your credit reports (Sykes 19). Some argue that this is an infringement on a person’s right to privacy while others argue that businesses and government officials have the right andRead MoreHow Can Data Controllers Improve The Right? Essay862 Words   |  4 Pages2014) The court also makes data controllers accountable as to guarantee the balance between individual s rights to privacy versus the public s right to information. This of course is not simple to accomplish, the court set of parameters generates millions of uncertainties in finding the proper equilibrium to the parties involve. How can data controllers harmonize the right of privacy vs. the freedom of speech and information? How can data controllers set the most responsible criteria to deal withRead MoreEssay on Human Rights, War and Terrorism1226 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica in Iraq and Afghanistan is a continuous infringement of their rights to life, peace, self-determination, just to mention a few. The United Nations Charter provides in its Article 2(4) that all members shall retrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any stateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ No country should invade another country or overthrow their government. No country should position itself as theRead MoreMedicare Privacy in Australia1161 Words   |  5 Pagesof optimizing the quality and efficiency of health delivery through electronic communications and information technology to ensure the right health info at the right time and place in a manner that privacy is secured. This initiative was highly regarded as a major achievement of the incumbent government upon its complete realization. Upon its initiation this was forwarded to the Senate Community Affairs committee and known as â€Å"Healthcare Identifiers Bill (HI)† as proposed by Ms Nicola Roxon, MinisterRead MoreCase Study Essay example681 Words   |  3 Pages1. Assume ParaWorld was eventually ordered to cease and desist due to IP infringement. What category of IP has ParaWorld most likely infringed? Explain the actions that constitute such an infringement. (5 Marks) 2. What are some of the anti-competitive behaviours SesamWare might be guilty of? How did/might SesamWare’s behavior adversely affect free market competition upon which international trade depends? ( 5 Marks) 3. Is there an international law governing Sesame’s behaviour? How willRead MoreMass Surveillance : A Questionable Activity Essay1052 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 11, 2001 people’s eyes from all over the world were witnessing one of the most dramatic events that was broadcast live. This major terrorist attack was followed by many, and lead our governments to take drastic measures to prevent as much as possible this kind of situation to happen again. Privacy did not become the first priority for the authorities, safety was. When Edward Snowden released through media classified National Security Agency’s documents regarding global surveillance among

Through Out Many Generations Of Children, One Thing Educators

Through out many generations of children, one thing educators always questioned was why some students understood material and why others couldn’t. Since education is based off of factory line work, educators should’ve seen why some were successful and others weren’t. While most students pushed forward after a setback, others got scared and were afraid to push. The best way to foster success and tackle student anxiety is by pushing the idea of grit since grit is a great way of motivating students to push forward and reach their goals. What is grit you may ask. Grit, according to Angela Duckworth of Philadelphia University, â€Å"girt is passion and perseverance for very long term goals. Grit is having stamina, grit is sticking with your†¦show more content†¦Staying on track of assignments is beneficial element that comes from the motivational side of grit. How is someone gonna achieve their goals if they don t work to achieve them? Angela states,  "grittier kids are most likely to graduate†(Ted Talk). Based on this, Angela suggests that gritter kids will graduate. How does this happen? Because they are motivated, staying on track of assignments will come as second nature to the student. In the beginning of their high school career, some students find themselves slacking on work since in most high schools there is a lot more freedom than in junior high. Due to poor progress some students get the notification from administration that they are not on track to graduate. Instantly some student feel the pressure and get to work because they are motivated to graduate. As for the others they continue on. Graduation day comes, those who pushed themselves get their degree wit flying colors as for others they don’t get their degree. Besides the lack of motivation found in classrooms one other thing that has recently been on the rise is the level of anxiety students are feeling towards anything having to do with education. M any wonder why and ask questions but one thing that comes to mind is that in education we know how to measure IQ. IQ is basically the measurement of how quickly someone a learn something or do assignments or even process material. It can also lead students to feel dumb.Show MoreRelatedSpecial Education And The Benefits Of Technology1639 Words   |  7 Pagesdisabled and gifted children use their full learning abilities. Many special needs children work in regular classrooms for most of the school day. These students also work with specially trained teachers for part of each school day. These teachers work with helping them to overcome their disabilities. These sessions are usually held in a classroom called a resource room. A resource classroom is usually equipped with materials such as braille typewriters, special computers and many other useful resourcesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of James Hikins And Richard Cherwitz s Piece The Engaged University Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pag esof knowledge through rhetoric. As time has gone by the way education has shifted from the growth of a person and the general joy of learning new things about the world, to obtaining as much knowledge to pass an exam. Hikins and Cherwitz strive to surround education on straying away from today’s perspective of education to focusing on students generating their own intellectual ideas with others in order to solve real world issues. They stress the importance of the younger generations’ perspectivesRead MoreThe Education Field And Attending School945 Words   |  4 Pageshas become one of the biggest money making distributors out there in America for profit. Throughout my journey in the education field and attending school, I’ve learned many of the best practices of how children should be taught. Becoming an educator has become simplistic and simpleminded due to the changes in how the curriculum is implemented into the classrooms. Today’s society is takin g education for granted. Education is a basic human right and helps build the development of children, communitiesRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching Mathematics1545 Words   |  7 Pagesbased upon the belief that the curriculum should be centered on the students. My job as an educator is to provide the students with a variety of knowledge, and to help them achieve their goals; to make sure they reach their full potential. When working with children, it should never be about the teacher. It is all about the individual children and their needs will always be a first priority. As an educator, I have mixed feelings about Common Core Mathematics. I was not originally taught to thinkRead MoreMy Life At Present Time Value881 Words   |  4 Pagespondering on one question: What does the future hold? I had never thought of it in the way that he explains it during his presentation, but now I have endless ideas as to how to help the â€Å"future† become successful. Whenever I am asked about what I am going to college for, I always answer that I want to be a preschool teacher. While a lot of the people nod and say that is a great career to go into, others ask if I will be satisfied with the pay. Which leads to this question: Does our generation at presentRead MoreEvery Individual Has Goals Whether It Be Personal Or Career1628 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant goal than any other things. They always pursue such their goal, and to some degree, I have to agree with the reason why people pursue such their goal. However, I think that my most important goal is qui te far from such goal which ordinary people pursue. I said that because recently I had to evaluate myself on what I really wanted to accomplish and why? Then I realized that my most important goal is attaining my Master degree. I know am on the right path to carry out my goal on becoming a betterRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy1217 Words   |  5 PagesElementary, where children have been stereotyped as uncontrollable little brats, Middle School, where the students are depicted as uncontrollable, rebellious students, or High School, oh gee whiz? I have decided that I would pursue a career in Elementary School. The grade level I hope to teach is at the elementary school level. My current goal is to either teach the 4th or 5th grade level. Moreover, throughout the semester I have read about or seen different philosophies through the observations IRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education878 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Philosophy of Education After taking the Educational Philosophies Self-Assessment test, I was able to figure out my referencing scores for my ideal logical instructional principles believed rational of the classification of educational archetypes. The areas of greatest influence in my philosophy of education included Humanism with a total of 21 points, Perennialism and Existentialism with 18 total points in those areas. Essentialism was second with 16 points and Reconstructionism recordRead MoreSocial Prejudice in Schools1738 Words   |  7 PagesIn my report, I am going to talk about the social prejudice that occurs in the schools between students and also teachers. Children from middle-class families generally are more successful in public schools than children from low-income families. Is the school system responsible for this problem, or is lower performance among low-income children a result of their home environment? The home environment has a big role in a childs education and if it is not supportiv e of the school environment, theRead MoreRacism, By Stephen Brookfield1286 Words   |  6 PagesRacism is being unknowingly taught to the younger generation. Individuals are not born being racist they naturally adhere to what they perceive to be right. Discrimination can be cultivated based on a person’s surroundings. Children’s minds are poisoned with hatred towards someone that is of the opposite race. Children are blind to racism, they are blank canvases when they first start out in the world. It is not only until someone or something introduces the idea that the color of skin makes him

Menu Evaluation in Restaurants Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Menu Evaluation in Restaurants. Answer: Introduction Menu plays a key role in the success of any restaurant. A menu consists of various foods, dishes and wines that a given restaurant offers. Menu presentation matters a lot as the design a restaurant adopt speaks more of the restaurant operations (Ozdemir and Caliskan, p. 9). Some customers can judge a restaurant based on the menu presentation. When preparing a menu therefore, some factors such as scale of function, staff, time, facilities, capital, occasions and type of customers you are targeting should be put into consideration. Menu planning is not an easy task and the management should thereby consider menu psychology, types and the suitability of the developed menu in relation to their target customers (Reynolds et al., p. 6). Putting these factors into consideration can give one a competitive advantage given the field of food services is growing tremendously and competition is very high. A Hereford Beefstouw is one restaurant that has invested much on menu planning. It is located on Hutt Street, Adelaide South Australia and its meals are appetizing and amazing. Many online reviews have commended this restaurant explaining how their services exceeded their expectations. This paper therefore, discusses menu presentation strategies, menu psychology, different types of menu, factors affecting menu planning process and sustainability of the menu based on management decisions. Menu evaluation Menu is a common thing to find in any restaurant. However, the presentation of the menu is key to satisfying your customers needs and wants (Thomas and Mills, p. 5). Creating a memorable menu requires careful planning. Menu is a tool for internal marketing and sales of meals and beverages to the customers. They can be printed and placed on every table on the restaurant or hanged on the walls. Many restaurants also have their menu on their website and due to technology many advertise on restaurant screens. Once a customer reads the menu, it influences on what to order as well as the amount they are going to spend. Strategic planning of the menu ensures appropriate design by putting menu items strategically and thereby maximizing on sales revenue. A Hereford Beefstouw has structured its menu in the most efficient way by indicating various kind of meals they offer, starting from the Starters, Lunch, Main courses, Extras, desserts and coffee as well as childrens Menu. On top of this, they indicate days as well as the hours when they serve every meal including price of each category. For instance, they dont offer lunch on Sundays and therefore, customers can plan themselves hence avoiding wastage of time. The restaurant is shaking the whole Adelaide area by offering Grass-fed meats which is served in a blonde-wood Scandinavian-style space. The restaurant offers quality steak and awesome wines. The design and art is just amazing as they work with renowned designers and artists. Customers can select various meals from their wide range of menu depending on what they want. Types of menu A La Carte Menu- The dishes available are arranged in courses with each meal priced separately. This kind of menu offers the customers with wide range of dishes to choose from. There is waiting time since food is ordered first then cooked. Table Dhte Menu- The set menu comes with set price (Mirzaei et al., p. 777). The courses are limited and every guest is served at the same time thereby reducing wastage and offering faster service delivery. Du Jour Menu- The menu changes daily. Function Menu- It is useful in special occasions such as business conventions, parties and weddings. Finally, the Cyclic Menu offers fixed meals (Cato, p. 577) generally the breakfast, lunch and dinner. Menu psychology A menu should entice your customers while communicating the restaurants personality. Menu engineering therefore becomes an important aspect in dealing with menu psychology. Eye gaze motion has seen the introduction of the golden triangle rule in menu design. Since many people tend to focus on the middle of the menu first before roaming to other areas, meals with high profit margin should be placed here (Yang, p. 1026). Color also speaks volume of words. Colors such as green, orange, yellow and red will capture the attention of the customers. Green is usually associated with fresh foods, orange is known to stimulate appetite, yellow and red are attention grabbers. A Hereford Beefstouw has maximally utilized the secret of psychology in their menu design. They have implemented the psychological ploy known as the paradox of choice in their menu (Johns et al., p. 281). Their menu always has entrees. They also use captive adjectives and lines (for example, farmers and chefs are aware that healthy, happy animals taste better) that feed the customers imagination hence tickling the taste buds. The animals they use for making their meals are 100% grass fed, free range with guarantee of no antibiotics are hormones used. Factors that affect menu planning Despite the fact that qualified chefs are needed to design a great menu for a restaurant, there are some factors that affect the efficiency and success of menu planning. First and foremost, you have to be in line with the government rules and regulations. If government has prohibited sale of a certain meal or drink, then it should not appear on the menu. Social-cultural factors also play a key role in menu planning. You should consider your location and the culture of the people. Peoples taste and preference differ (Rozin, p. 95). Some are vegetarian others prefer a certain food over another. Therefore, the management should have a background information on their customers so as to come up with a menu that accommodates everyone. Aesthetic factors and sustainability Aesthetic factors include; flavor, consistency, color, shape and texture. At Hereford Beefstouw, dishes have been known by many people to have the best flavor, texture and consistency. Reviews online have recommended Hereford Beefstouw for their perfect tasty meals, fully flavored, with great texture and color (Schatzker, p. 3). It has invested in serving the best meals ever with expressional beef in terms of tenderness and flavor. They were the first to introduce dry aged mutton and the meal is super tender, flavored and appetizing. Everything you love about lambs is here and it proves wrong any mutton horror stories you have heard about. Common menu mistakes leading to menu misinterpretation The management should diligently commit themselves in designing the menu as if they are making any other major restaurant investment decision. Inadequate managerial commitment and decisions leads to poor menu design. Hard to read menu due to poor font size selection, font style and background color as well as monotonous design (Magnini and Kim, p. 76) may lead to menu misinterpretation. There are some dishes which should be located in a spacious area to catch the attention. However, you should never overcrowd the menu. Care should be taken to avoid misrepresentation of the menu by vague information such as means of preservation, nutritional claims, brand names and points of origin. Recommendations In their menu design they should use controlled costing so as to catch more attention of the customers. Instead of using $20 for instance, they could use $19.90. This affects the psychology of the customers making them to spend more. They should also use more captivating captions and adjectives on their menu. The restaurant should increase more vegetables on the meals especially on the starters. Due to lifestyle change, many people are turning to healthy eating. It should reduce more advertising of the preservation methods on the menu. Also the restaurant should reduce indication of the source of animals and farm produce. Conclusion If every restaurant considers the menu as the silent salesperson and understand the importance of a properly designed menu, they will invest much in generating a well-crafted menu. Easy to navigate and strategic menu which tickles taste buds of the customers is all a restaurant needs. References Cato, S., 2014. Menu dependence and group decision making. Group Decision and Negotiation, 23(3), pp.561-577. Johns, N., Edwards, J.S. and Hartwell, H.J., 2013. Menu choice: satisfaction or overload? Journal of Culinary Science Technology, 11(3), pp.275-285. Magnini, V.P. and Kim, S., 2016. The influences of restaurant menu font style, background color, and physical weight on consumers perceptions. International Journal oospitality Management, 53, pp.42-48. Mirzaei, N., Mirzaei, N., Niroomand, S., Niroomand, S., Zare, R. and Zare, R., 2016. Application of statistical process control in service industry: A case study of the restaurant sector. Journal of Modelling in Management, 11(3), pp.763-782. Ozdemir, B. and Caliskan, O., 2014. A review of literature on restaurant menus: Specifying the managerial issues. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 2(1), pp.3-13. Reynolds, D., Merritt, E.A. and Pinckney, S., 2005. Understanding menu psychology: An empirical investigation of menu design and consumer response. International Journal of Hospitality Tourism Administration, 6(1), pp.1-9. Rozin, P., 1996. The socio-cultural context of eating and food choice. In Food choice, acceptance and consumption (pp. 83-104). Springer US. Schatzker, M., 2010. Steak: One man's search for the world's tastiest piece of beef. Penguin. P. 3 Thomas, L. and Mills, J.E., 2006. Consumer knowledge and expectations of restaurant menus and their governing legislation: a qualitative assessment. Journal of foodervice, 17(1), pp.6-22. Yang, S.S., 2012. Eye movements on restaurant menus: A re-visitation on gaze motion and consumer scan paths. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(3), pp.1021-1029.

Rebellion Against Higher Authority free essay sample

Paragraph Response Rebellion against higher authority has a big influence on the thoughts and actions of the two main characters in George Orwells novel, â€Å"Nineteen Eighty-Four†. The main characters, Winston and Julia, both get pleasure in rebelling because of the harsh oppression that their government institutes. Winston and Julia both rebel, but to different extents. Winston risks everything in his life while rebelling, because he is desperate to know why the government, also known as The Party, has executed such power over their town of Oceania. Julia, on the other hand, rebels only to gain pleasure, live in the moment, and have freedom from The Party. Winston feels very strongly about how the government runs. Even though he could be killed by the Thought Police, Winston risks thinking about how hope lies in the proles, stating that, â€Å"in those swarming disregarded masses, could the force to destroy the party ever be generated. We will write a custom essay sample on Rebellion Against Higher Authority or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † (Orwell 72). Even thinking a thought like that, he could lose everything he owns, but he is so against the government that he is willing to take that risk. Winston cares more about the large-scale social issues, rather than the smaller, easy to be broken rules, like Julia. Julia also feels strongly against the party, but to a lesser degree. She takes risks only to gain pleasure from breaking the small rules, like having relations with Winston, who thinks she is a serious follower of the government. â€Å"Its this bloody thing that does it, she said, ripping off the scarlet sash of the Junior Anti-Sex League and flinging it onto a bough. † (127). This shows how effortlessly she can rebel against the Party whose routine she pretends to religiously follow. Secondly, she enjoys stealing food from members of The Inner Party, like real chocolate, and coffee, which leaves Winston in awe. â€Å"How did you manage to get hold of all these things? Its all Inner Party stuff. Theres nothing those swine dont have, nothing. † (147). This proves how Julia enjoys being rebellious towards the party when it comes to breaking the small rules. Lastly, Julia pretends to enjoy Big Brothers rules of living, but really, she tries to hide her laughter while they do their routine Two Minute Hate which proves your patriotism towards The Party. She also stirred a sort of heavy envy in him by telling him that during the Two Minutes Hate her great difficulty was to avoid bursting out laughing. † (160). This final act of rebellion shows that Julia is careless and wants the freedom of having no government ruling her life. Julia is rebelling solely for the purpose of having the freedom of living without the power of the government watching over her ev ery move, every day. Winston and Julia both rebel towards the higher authority in Oceania, but to different extents. Winston has taken a more serious commitment to see that the government gets overthrown, like involving himself with members of the anti-party, or committing a thought crime by writing in his diary with negative thoughts regarding the Party. In Julias case, she just wants to get pleasure from breaking a few smaller rules, like having a relation with a man, or stealing food from members of the Inner Party of the government. This shows that the government has installed so many rules to control your life, that people have no freedom and are forced to start a rebellion in order to enjoy their life.

The Steganographick Collection and The muse

The Steganographick Collection and The muse The Steganographick Collection and The museIntroductionThe Steganographick Collection is a fascinating document in itself but when examined in regard to The Hypnertomachia Poliphilia and the later Chymical Wedding it takes on a new dimension. Because of the complexity of the works discussed here and frequent references too them, I have included a section from Day Five of the Chymical Wedding (hereafter referred to as CW) , a copy of the Steganographic Collection . (hereafter referred to as SC), and a synposis of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili (hereafter referred to as HP) as appendix I - III.Goddess of LoveAt the most central and intimate turning point in the narrative of both the CW and the SC, there appear some similarities so extraordinary that they cannot be coincidence. Consider these:1. CW: The main character is separated from his companions, and takes a tour with his page as his guide, seeking further mysteries.Verville ATSC: The main character is separated from his companions, and takes a tour with alone with Nephes as his guide.2. CW: The alter with the everburning tree fed by it's own fruit.SC: The everburning tree fed by it's ripe branches.3 CW: The sleeping Venus (never met only seen), symbol of love.SC: The everpresent hope of Olocliree (never actually met), the loves of love and friend of Nephes, who can cause her to be seen.4 CW : The legend on the plaque "When my tree shall be quite melted down then I shall awaken and be the mother of a King", and what the page heard revealed to the King by Atlas "When the tree shall be quite melted down, then shall Lady Venus awake, and be the mother of a King.SC: The words of Nephes "And although she is that...

The Woman Who Explained the Sun and Stars

The Woman Who Explained the Sun and Stars Today, ask any astronomer what the Sun and other stars are made of, and youll be told, Hydrogen and helium and trace amounts of other elements. We know this through a study of sunlight, using a technique called spectroscopy. Essentially, it dissects sunlight into its component wavelengths called a spectrum. Specific characteristics in the spectrum tell astronomers what elements exist in the Suns atmosphere. We see hydrogen, helium, silicon, plus carbon, and other common metals in stars and nebulae throughout the universe.  We have this knowledge thanks to the pioneering work done by Dr. Cecelia Payne-Gaposchkin throughout her career.   The Woman Who Explained the Sun and Stars In 1925, astronomy student Cecelia Payne turned in her doctoral thesis on the topic of stellar atmospheres. One of her most important findings was that the Sun is very rich in hydrogen and helium, more so than astronomers thought. Based on that, she concluded that hydrogen is THE major constituent of all stars, making hydrogen the most abundant element in the universe. It makes sense, since the Sun and other stars fuse hydrogen in their cores to create heavier elements. As they age, stars also fuse those heavier elements to make more complex ones. This process of stellar nucleosynthesis is what populates the universe with many of the elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. Its also an important part of the evolution of stars, which Cecelia sought to understand. The idea that stars are made mostly of hydrogen seems like a very obvious thing to astronomers today, but for its time, Dr. Paynes idea was startling. One of her advisors - Henry Norris Russell - disagreed with it and demanded she take it out of her thesis defense. Later, he decided it was a great idea, published it on his own, and got the credit for the discovery. She continued to work at Harvard, but for time, because she was a woman, she received very low pay and the classes she taught werent even recognized in the course catalogs at the time.   In recent decades, the credit for her discovery and subsequent work has been restored to Dr. Payne-Gaposchkin. She is also credited with establishing that stars can be classified by their temperatures, and published more than 150 papers on stellar atmospheres, stellar spectra. She also worked with her husband, Serge I. Gaposchkin, on variable stars. She published five books, and won a number of awards. She spent her entire research career at Harvard College Observatory, eventually becoming the first woman to chair a department at Harvard. Despite successes that would have gained male astronomers at the time incredible praise and honors, she faced gender discrimination throughout much of her life. Nonetheless, she is now celebrated as a brilliant and original thinker for her contributions that changed our understanding of how stars work.   As one of the first of a group of female astronomers at Harvard, Cecelia Payne-Gaposchkin blazed a trail for women in astronomy that many cite as their own inspiration to study the stars. In 2000, a special centenary celebration of her life and science at Harvard drew astronomers from around the world to discuss her life and findings and how they changed the face of astronomy. Largely due to her work and example, as well as the example of women who were inspired by her courage and intellect, the role of women in astronomy is slowly improving, as more select it as a profession.   A Portrait of the Scientist Throughout her Life Dr. Payne-Gaposchkin was born as Cecelia Helena Payne in England on May 10, 1900. She got interested in astronomy after hearing Sir Arthur Eddington describe his experiences on an eclipse expedition in 1919. She then studied astronomy, but because she was female, she was refused a degree from Cambridge. She left England for the United States, where she studied astronomy and got her PhD from Radcliffe College (which is now a part of Harvard University).   After she received her doctorate, Dr. Payne went on to study a number of different types of stars, particularly the very brightest high luminosity stars.  Her main interest was to understand the stellar structure of the Milky Way, and she ultimately studied variable stars in our galaxy and the nearby Magellanic Clouds. Her data played a large role in determining the ways that stars are born, live, and die.   Cecelia Payne married fellow astronomer Serge Gaposchkin in 1934 and they worked together on variable stars and other targets throughout their lives. They had three children. Dr. Payne-Gaposchkin continued teaching at Harvard until 1966, and continued her research into stars with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (headquartered at Harvards Center for Astrophysics. She died in 1979.

Principles of Time and Stress Management Assignment

Principles of Time and Stress Management - Assignment Example Based on the facts presented in the case, there is no evidence linking organization in which Chet works, Norris Company to his level of stress. Norris Company has a perfect structure with effective reporting chain hence providing every employee with room for growth and development. Every employee knows clearly his/her supervisor in addition to roles and responsibilities. Therefore, Chet’s level of stress is unrelated to the organizational (structural) problems of Norris Company. Instead, such stress level is his making. Some of the personal characteristics that are likely to interfere with Chet’s productivity and contribute to his level of stress include emotional intelligence, cognitive style, personal values, orientation towards change, and core self-evaluation. Chet does not seem to be in a perfect mood and sense in managing himself as well as a relationship with others. The lack or insufficiency of emotional intelligence is seen on how he casually relates to people within the firm. He is of very little concern. No wonder, when he was asked to go through the project he has done very little on the same. In addition, his personal values and cognitive style may cause the decrease in productivity whilst increasing the level of stress. Actually, Chet does not seem to be having the zeal of gathering and processing information, especially on assigned tasks. In any case, Chet’s orientation towards change is not very clear within the case. Therefore, these are personal characteristics with a possibility of affecting productivity and level of stress that Chet is currently experiencing.

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection paper - Essay Example I strolled, as it were, and encountered the ruined columns and pillars, and among the sepulchers, and felt around my way into the burial dimness of the tombs, and discovered no route coming out from them. The terminal curse of Rome stems from the messages it unrelentingly presents between outer and inner sceneries. It is a city where the subjective and hidden gets seriously transformed into the historical and obvious, where the sightseers observe in the rubbles the many of lost holes that rest defeated in Rome’s earth. I do not really know how to describe, in any harmonious and friendly way, the Rome that exists now; its dark pathways, and avenues of palazzos; its cathedrals, surrounded with the exquisite stones or marbles that were initially refined for the decoration of pagan sanctuaries; its hosts of wicked scents, combined with the aroma of many a thousand incenses; its modest life, gaining meager energy from what has been gone long time ago.

The Lottery Winner :: Essays Papers

The Lottery Winner SETTING: The book starts out in Manhattan, New York in modern times. The book mostly takes place in New York city but throughout the book they also travel to London, England, cypress point spa, and several other places. The book ends back in Manhattan, New York. CHARACTERS: 1. Alvirah Meehan is a former maid that is near her sixties and has quit her job after her and her husband struck it rich in the winning of the lottery. Alvirah started taking interest in helping people with murders and other problems that she ran across while traveling across the world. After she had won the lottery the New York Globe news paper had asked her to write about all of her different adventures. 2. Willy Meehan is around his sixties, he has blue eyes with white hair. Willy is a former plumber who quit his job after wining the lottery with his wife Alvirah. Willy enjoys traveling with Alvirah to all the different places. He is very supportive and help full to Alvirah in her interest of helping others with there crimes. He also enjoys helping the poor or just those people that can't afford to hire a plumber so he dose the job for free. 3. Brian who is somewhere around his twenties, he is an up and coming famous play writer. Brian is the nephew of Willy. Brian is first introduced in the first story called "The body in the closet". He was staying at the apartment of Willy and Alvirah were a body was found in there closet at there return from there trip to England. He becomes the main suspespect in the murder because he was the last be in the apartment. This was not a good thing for Brian because his career was just taking off with all the great plays he was writing. Brian becomes very lucky with the help of Alvirah as they prove his innocence. Brian then was able to go back on with is writings of the plays. 4. Cynthia Lathem was found guilty for the murder of her father in the second story. It all happened when she was in her junior year of the Rhode Island School of Design when her step father Stuart Richards was found shot to death in the study of his mansion.

A Comparative Study of Retailing in India Essay

BACKGROUND: According to AT Kearney, India’s retail industry comprises US$ 435 billion. It entails only 6 per cent of itself as organised retail segment as of 2010, according to Booz and Co (India) Pvt Ltd. Hence, there is a great potential to be explored by domestic and international players, especially after Cabinet’s decision to allow up to 51% foreign direct investment (FDI) in multi-brand retail sector and 100% FDI in single-brand retail. (Why India is a big market: refer page 23, Annexure) The Business Monitor International (BMI) India Retail Report for the fourth-quarter of 2011 forecasts that the total retail sales will grow from US$ 411.28 billion in 2011 to US$ 804.06 billion by 2015. The report has underlined factors like economic growth, population expansion, increasing wealth of individuals and rapid construction of organized retail infrastructure as major drivers for the optimistic forecast figures. (Refer Annexure, fig 2) According to a research report named ‘R etail Sector in India’ by Research and Markets, Indian retail sector accounts for 22 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and contributes to 8 per cent of the total employment. FDI in single-brand retail currently is 0.03% of cumulative FDI of around $149 billion from April 2000 to September 2011. The announcement is expected to generate 10 million jobs over three years, without impacting smaller and domestic retailers. FDI in retail will provide the farming community a new support by investing in good farming practices and providing them with better prices. The international players will bring a sophisticated front-end that will boost investment in infrastructure by retail players, third-party supply-chain companies and the government. This will improve efficiencies in the supply chain, cut wastage, increase efficiency and bring down consumer prices. India has been ranked as the fourth most attractive nation for retail investment among 30 emerging markets by the US-based global management consulting firm, A T Kearney, in its Global Retail  Development Index (GRDI) 2011. India’s MGR (Mass Grocery Retail) sector remains dominated by small-scale traditional retail outlets. All four key modern formats (supermarkets, hypermarkets, convenience and discount stores) are already present within India’s MGR market but these stores are largely operated by a handful of local retailers. Structure of India’s MGR market till 2010 (Estimated number of Outlets: fig3, Sales by Format: fig4) is given in Annexure. Collaborative model for international products — Joint ventures (JVs) are emerging as the preferred model for new entrants, wherein foreign players leverage the knowledge of the local player and focus on key issues such as quality, pricing, promotions and brand management. Key examples include the Bharti Groupà ¢â‚¬Ëœs JV with Wal-Mart for retail in the Indian market. MGR sales growth for 2011 = +19.7%; compound annual average growth rate to 2015 = +17.6% (Refer Annexure Fig 5) Increased exposure to Western consumption habits has fuelled consumerism in developed and emerging Asia. Wealthy consumers in major towns and cities turn to modern formats in search of the convenience and quality that they now desire and can increasingly afford. A lot of international retailers are planning to enter and expand their operations in India after the reforms introduced in the FDI policy in retail sector, like Walmart, United Colors of Benetton (UCB), Da Milano. According to a report by research firm CB Richard Ellis India, over 6 million square feet of retail mall space was added across India in the first six months of 2011 (Refer Annexure Fig 6); primarily due to aggressive expansion by organized retailers. The potential cities which are good for entering are given in Annexure Fig 7. Cumulative foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in single-brand retail trading during April 2000 to June 2011 stood at US$ 69.26 million, according to the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP). There are a lot of entry modes to enter a country, here India. (Refer Annexure Fig 8) And also refer to the growth trend that was observed quarterly in India, last year. (Refer Annexure Fig 13) BHARTI-WALMART â€Å"India is a price sensitive market and therefore we will be devising our  strategy for her very carefully†¦Retailing is like a game of three dimensional chess where we operate as a local, regional and global player, so depending on the needs of the market we shall change our format and adapt.† – John B Menzer, President and CEO, Wal-Mart International. 50:50 joint venture: In India, Wal-Mart has a 50:50 joint venture with Bharti Enterprises in the wholesale cash-and-carry segment, since 2007, under the brand Best Price Modern Wholesale. Total retail units as of October 31, 2011: 9 Best Price Modern Wholesale 9 Associates: 3,372 These stores have been opened in Amritsar, Zirakpur (Near Chandigarh), Jalandhar, Kota, Bhopal, Ludhiana, Raipur and Indore. The JV in India expects to open 10 to 12 new Best Price Modern Wholesale stores and employ approximately 3,000 – 4,000 people by end of 2011. On 16 Sept’11, it opened its first Best Price Modern Wholesale cash-and-carry store at Nidamanuru, National Highway-5 in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. New outlet will also have a â€Å"Mera Kirana† program sharing best practices such as various aspects of using low-cost modern techniques and processes such as assortment planning, layout and fixtures, displays, backroom, licenses, safe food handling, customer retention and value added services with small and medium retailers. On 30 Sept’11, it opened a new store format, â€Å"Easyday Hyper†, at Magnet Malls, Bhandup, Mumbai. Currently, the company has 140 ‘easyday’ stores, 13 ‘easyday Market’ outlets and 1 ‘easyday Hyper’ store. Advantage of Wholesale Cash-and-Carry: These benefit retailers as it is a is a one-stop shop that meets the day-to-day needs of restaurant owners, hoteliers, caterers, fruit and vegetable resellers, kiranas, other retail store owners, offices and institutions. More than 90 percent of these goods and services are being sourced locally; thereby helping keep costs to a minimum, adding to the growth of the local economy and creating job opportunities, with the cash and carry store directly employing more than 200 local people. A typical wholesale cash-and carry facility will stand between 50,000 and 100,000 square feet. The joint venture works with the existing supply chain infrastructure to help make it more efficient, thereby maximizing value for  farmers and manufacturers and retailers. The supply chain operation supports farmers and small manufacturers who have limited infrastructure and distribution strength and help minimize wastage, particularly of fresh foods and vegetables. An efficient supply chain can play an important role in transforming farmers and small manufacturers into successful entrepreneurs. Technical Collaboration: Walmart provides certain technical support to Bharti Retail for its front-end retail venture where Bharti Retail requires critical retail technology and technical know-how. Walmart’s Direct Farm Program: Multinational retail giant, Wal-Mart’s Direct Farm Program in India is a partnership with 110 small and marginal farmers near Ludhiana in Punjab where it en courages cultivation of safe, high-quality, seasonal vegetables. Farmers are advised at every stage of cultivation by field agronomists. Farmers learn about nursery management, transplanting, nutrient management, as well as harvest and post-harvest practices. Sourcing from India: Walmart has been sourcing a variety of products from suppliers in India for more than 20 years. Walmart’s office in Bangalore serves as Walmart’s Global Procurement (GP) hub for the sourcing of merchandise from India and Sri Lanka to Walmart stores and Sam’s Clubs globally. GP India also manages Global Procurement from Sri Lanka. Major categories sourced from India include home textiles (including towels, shower curtains, bath mats, etc.), apparel (including woven, knitwear and leather footwear), leather accessories, fine jewelry and house wares (like fine dining ware, home dà ©cor, etc). The main categories sourced from Sri Lanka are apparel, textiles and gifts. Launch of its 1st store in India, 2009: The reason for Wal-Mart’s entry in India was clear – The Indian middle class, on which it had been working for around two years. Mom-and-pop stores (or the Kiryana stores) and traditional distribution networks dominated the Indian retail market. Wal-Mart’s first outlet was set to launch in the city of Amritsar, Punjab in North India. The first store air-conditioned and built over 50,000 sq. ft. was on the outskirts of the city, Amritsar. The store employed 200 locals and was likely create 500 indirect jobs. In the first few weeks itself, the company had managed to sign on close to 35,000 members. Training Center: Bharti Wal-Mart has opened a training centre in Delhi to bridge the gap between demand and supply of skilled manpower in modern retail. It will provide free retail sector-focussed vocational training to candidates. A  memorandum of agreement (MoA) was signed in this regard on July 22’11 between Bharti Wal-Mart and the Delhi government’s Department of Training and Technical Education. Bharti-Walmart plans to invest over USD 15 mn in Andhra Pradesh this year and impact lives of 25,000 women through multiple initiatives by 2016, it has already created more than 2,000 job-ready women in 3 years through Bharti Walmart Training Centres. Walmart Labs in Bangalore: In addition to its R&D centre in the Silicon Valley, Wal-Mart plans to set up another facility in Bangalore, India (expected to be set up by Dec 2011) with about 100 developers to work on technologies and solutions for Wal-Mart’s global e-commerce business. UNITED COLORS OF BENETTON The Benetton Group, with brands such as UCB, Sisley and Playlife, has a presence in 120 countries. It has network of around 6,000 stores. India has a local production of their collection too. Almost 100 per cent of the products are sourced from India. The product line remains uniform geographically. At present Benetton has over 425 franchised stores in India (since 1991) and the number is likely to double in five years. Now it is also focusing on smaller cities and towns given the growth in brand awareness and disposable income levels. â€Å"Even if FDI in single brand retail is opened up, we will continue to operate like a wholesaler and follow the franchise route,† Mr Mohanty (Benetton India MD) said. It has launched its first Concept store in Connaught Place. Stores are an important communication platform for Benetton as it is here that we showcase the depth of our brand offering to the customers. The launch of the new store strengthens Benetton’s presence in the Indian market. Global brands work everywhere. Consumers currently are very global as they are accepting products that have global appeal. In fact, it has always positioned itself as a colorful brand which has worked wonders for the Indian market. Also it focuses more on consumer experience like store ambience and window merchandising rather than advertising. Almost 40% of our budget is spent on that. However, it is now looking at in-film placements as the next branding strategy. (It has already tied up with an upcoming John Abraham movie 1-800-Love.) It is looking forward to being clothing partners of programmes  or events, which are true to their product. Recently, this Italian casual wear brand opened an outlet at Magneto Mall, Raipur. Spread over an area of 1,000 sq ft, the store stocks a range of clothes and accessories for men and women. The retailer has a revenue-sharing model with the mall. DA MILANO Da Milano, the international luxury brand with its range of premium leather goods and accessories is synonymous to precision, craftsmanship and exclusivity. Da Milano imports 70% of its leather and accessories from Italy for its leather goods retailed in India. It has 2 state of the art company owned manufacturing units at Nalagarh in Himachal Pradesh equipped with the latest and most advanced machinery. They have a highly skilled workforce operating under the guidance of Italian technicians. They also have an exclusive tannery near Chennai in TN where leather produced is benchmarked to the latest process technology. By September’11, it has 32 signature Da Milano stores across the country. It recently opened 5 flagship stores in Maharashtra. The brand’s presence can be seen in 10 cities – Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida, Jaipur, Chandigarh, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Chennai and Kolkata. Recently it opened its showroom at Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi. The store is sprawled over 850sq.ft and is embellished with all-glass frontage. The appealing visual merchandising of the store also includes an off white backdrop, wooden shelves, soft green wall paper, illuminating marble flooring etc, and is done to entice passers-by and draw footfall. The luxury brand could soon be seen announcing the launch of two of its sub brands Rosso Brunello and Da Milano Home. While the former will offer premium hi fashion foot wears for men and women, the latter will be offering leather accessories for home and office. Rosso Brunello foot wears will be made available at select Da Milano exclusive stores, while Da Milano Home and Office accessories would be retailed at Da Milano stores. Well, a lot of scope is there in India as compared to other countries in the world as the organized retail penetration level is only around 5% as compared to 85% in USA, 80% in France and 20% in China. (Refer Annexure Fig 9) PROBLEMATIC SITUATION/DIFFICULTY FACED IN INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS Price issue: In India the majority of retail outlets sell products at maximum retail price (MRP), which are administered by the government and printed on each item by manufacturers. Thus, there is minimal price competition among the various store formats. The arrival of International retailers, with vast sourcing networks, may eradicate the importance of government-imposed MRP, as these are likely to focus strongly on low prices as a competitive tool and as a means of encouraging new consumers to try the modern concept. Poor Infrastructure: The road infrastructure is poor and federal and state tax laws are complex, which make cross-state transportation difficult. India’s transport networks/highways, rural infrastructure certainly need investment. Bharti has announced to invest INR 125bn in agriculture and supply chain. It will also invest on specific distribution and transportation storage solutions (ie refrigerated trucks and logistical initiatives, such as electronic product tracking). The relatively slow pace of MGR growth in India can be largely attributed to two key factors: (1) massive income inequalities and (2) tough FDI regulations Labour displacement issue in India: The entry of International retailers with efficient systems will destroy the traditional retail sector, making people’s requirement at minimum in these new retail stores. JOB losing fear: If we assume 40 mn adults in the retail sector, it would translate into around 160 mn dependents using a 1:4 dependency ratio. These people are unlikely suitable for other areas of work either. Thus, there is a need to enact new laws to check the prolific expansion of the new foreign malls and hypermarkets, like China, Malaysia and Thailand. (Refer Annexure Fig 12 to see the Asia Pacific Retail Sales by % share) Change in Retail FDI policy: On November 24th the coalition government, led by the Congress party, said that in cities of over 1m folk, foreign firms could now own 51% of â€Å"multi-brand† retailers, such as supermarkets (up from zero), and 100% of single-brand chains (up from 51%). Multi-brand foreign chains, such as Walmart and Tesco, must operate as joint ventures, of which they may now own up to 51%, and may operate only in cities of 1m people or more. The new reform is timely. Growth has dipped below 7%. The rupee is weak, investors are nervous. But still, the  government needs to lift confidence, and organized retail could work. (Refer to Annexure Fig 10 to see the Indian economic activity showing the nominal GDP and GDP per capita.) Political issues: The FDI reform is too controversial to be enacted. The main opposition party, the BJP, which enjoys the support of millions of stallholders, is doing its best to whip up anger. Many Indians feel an emotional attachment to little kirana stores, and fret that foreign invaders will destroy them. Indian states are not obliged to follow the FDI reform. Many may refuse to liberalize foreign ownership on their territory. Standard Chartered Bank, reckons that of 53 cities with over 1m people, 28 are run by politicians who say they will block the reform. India’s leftist parties had called for a nationwide strike on Dec. 1 in solidarity with the Confederation of All India Traders, who are among the most vocal opponents of full FDI in retail. The BJP leader Uma Bharti publicly threatened to set fire to any Walmart that opens. Fragmented Market: The retail shops are very fragmented with only very few supermarkets and no dominant chain. Farming is also fragmented. A rickety legal system makes it hard to enforce contracts. Under the latest FDI reform, foreign-controlled shops will have to buy a chunk of their processed and manufactured goods from small firms, which may add to their costs. High Land prices in India: Foreign retailers will have to find affordable land in packed an d expensive cities. Western luxury-goods firms may be able to tolerate extortionate rents for central locations. Some may prosper with a few out-of-town stores that people visit infrequently, spending lots. But general retailers need both cheap land and proximity to their customers—not an easy mix. People’s habits: Indians are in the habit of shopping for their fruits and vegetables almost every day which get the customer into the shop every day, and chances are she’ll buy something extra. Building a Walmart-style supply chain of fruits and vegetables requires a lot of investment in improving the productivity and quality of farmers. E.g. showing a tomato farmer how to improve his yields by using wooden stakes for his plants. That farmer doesn’t have to sell his tomatoes to Walmart, but when he sees that he can get a better price, he often does. To woo farmers away from the system they are used to — selling produce at the local mandi, or market, at a price dictated by traders — Walmart has set itself a target of increasing farmers’ incomes by 20% over five years. Farmer’s Income: By  law, farmers are required to sell their produce only to approved mandis and have to pay the mandi taxes. (Walmart has to pay the mandi tax even when farmers sell to them.) They travel for hours to get here, and then take whatever price the wholesale buyer is willing to give. The buyers don’t inspect the produce and offer better prices for better quality; they just sell the 100-kg sacks of vegetables to another set of middlemen, who break it into smaller lots that eventually find their way to vegetable vendors and small retailers. By the time it reaches the consumer, that produce will have been marked up by three to four times or more, but nearly all of that goes to the middlemen, not the farmer. Meanwhile, about 30% of the produce also spoils along the way for lack of cold storage, contributing to India’s soaring food inflation. Distribution issue: remains a major challenge to retail expansion. India’s infrastructure is a lot inadequ ate. A 500km road journey can take as much as 24 hours, owing to poor road conditions, congestion and toll booths. Preference for Kirana/local retailers (cheap price offered): According to ASSOCHAM’s survey 2010, in which it interviewed 5000 shoppers in various cities in India, kirana stores (mom and pop stores) and local retailers were the preferred destination for shoppers as compared to shopping malls. The survey found that goods were less expensive (as much as 25%) in local kirana stores as compared to big shopping malls with more variety and affordable options with sustainable quality at a negotiable price (reduced margins) Walmart’s strict union policy: The company’s clearly defined anti-union policy aiming at preventing its work force from gaining collective bargaining power can result in increased wages. Low overhead costs: Small retailers in India already operate with such low overhead costs (by relying on informal labor and making minimal investment in any technology, even refrigeration) that it’s hard for Walmart to compete with them. (India’s traders have, however, invested in their relationships with state and local politicians, who count on their support around election time.) Elsewhere, Walmart may have pioneered the use of low-cost retail labor; in India, the cost of labor in retail is already about as low as it can get. STRATEGY ADOPTED TO RESOLVE THE ISSUE Issuing Loyalty cards: Keeping customers loyal is a problem retailers often grapple with. Over the last decade, Indian companies that are focusing on acquiring and retaining customers have become aggressive about giving out loyalty cards. As a result, 42 percent of Indians in the SEC A, B and C categories are now part of at least one loyalty program in India’s $4 billion-a-year loyalty market. (This figure includes the market for gifts, which a lot of companies use as a surrogate for loyalty programs.) Loyalty is seen as the number one tool that allows retailers to access data on customer tastes and preferences. Pearson: conducted an extensive customer research through Colloquy, its research arm: only 20 percent of Indians in the SEC A, B and C categories are loyal to a particular brand. Offer a better deal and they are more than willing to shift. Improving Infrastructure: Tesco is planning to work with Tata’s Star Bazaar hypermarket business on a franchise basis, providing expertise and technical support in return for a fee to the fast-expanding network. Star Bazaar stores, potentially meaning that Tesco-branded private-label goods could appear in consumer retail outlets in India. It provides employment for some 3,000 local workers at its global service centre in Bangalore. More Partnership: Wal-Mart is also considering a partnership with Indian counterpart Future Group to strengthen its presence in India. Also, Walmart is on an expanding spree in India and wants to cover maximum areas in India, even the interior regions. Recently, it opened a new store format, easyday Hyper, at Magnet Malls, Bhandup, Mumbai. This is Bharti Retail’s first store in West India. Spread over 60,000 sq.ft., the outlet stocks over 20,000 products displaying 475 new items, including personal care products, stationery, household articles, hosiery items and daily-need groceries. Introduction of Innovative ideas: Walmart is also introducing innovating ideas to differentiate it from other retailers, like the recently opened store also has a section called ‘Baby World.’ Currently, the company has 140 ‘easyday’ stores, 13 ‘easyday Market’ outlets and 1 ‘easyday Hyper’ store. Cluster approach strategy: Walmart follows a cluster approach strategy and initially largely focused on Punjab, although it opened stores in other places also. It has covered the four big markets (in Punjab) already. Price  settling: Government of India should introduce the concept for the organized retail by setting a minimum price for a commodity, below which a retail store cannot sale the product. This should be done to avoid the occurrence of monopoly of a retailer in the country. Personalized Offer to Customer: The current retailers in India should take an advantage of the prior knowledge of the customer requirement and customer nature in India. They should provide customized deals and service to them, so that they may retain the old customers even on the opening up of new international retail stores whose service is not personalized. LESSONS LEARNT Clearly, once the equity caps on foreign investment are lifted, the India MGR sector will witness tremendous flows of investment from global retailers, which leads to our projection of 155.6% in MGR sales to 2015. Its retail market is forecast to nearly double to $850 billion by 2020. (Refer to Annexure Fig 11 to see the forecast for 2020 in terms of sales in organized and unorganized retail market.) Also, when a retailer (say Walmart) enters a new market, a lot depends on the kind of a partner it has. As Bharti itself has ambitions to be a major retail powerhouse in India, thus there is a strategic conflict between their interests. As, sooner or later India will permit foreign retailers to have direct equity ownership in India, then what will Walmart be left holding? Bharti has retail ambitions, thus it will want to buy Walmart’s shares, rather than sell. Bharti-Walmart stores are branded BestPrice, and not with Walmart’s name. Thus, Walmart could have thought of India as a portfolio of regional markets and work with smaller regional partners. It’s hard for the local kiryana stores, etc. to have much bargaining power or have national ambitions. They would have been happy to brand them as Walmart and when regulations change, Walmart would be able to buy them out. Walmart India probably will invest in a joint venture with Kishore Biyani-led Future Group soon. The report is not confirmed yet. On Tuesday (March 29’11), a leading business daily in India reported that senior executives of Future Group and Walmart had met at least five times in four months, raising possibilities of an alliance. More important, the debate over Walmart’s effect on retail employment misses a larger point. In India, the majority of the population is employed in agriculture, and Indian farmers stand to gain a lot from greater investment by anyone — foreign or  domestic — in the supply chain that bri ngs food from the field to the consumer. CRISIL, a research firm, reckons the reform could attract up to $3 billion of foreign investment over five years—welcome, but not nearly enough to fund India’s current-account deficit or transform the industry. India’s consumer-goods firms, among its most profitable, have thrived in the era of backward retailing and supply chains, but are betting on gradual change. The biggest, Hindustan Unilever, has seconded staff to stores in America and Britain to learn how they work. In an interview earlier this year its boss, Nitin Paranjpe, said he was â€Å"absolutely certain† that rganized retail would take off. But he reckoned it would take a decade to capture a quarter of the market. Entering a market as big and complex as India’s is a big bet, even for experienced international retailers. Success is by no means guaranteed: citing example of China, where Tesco’s Chinese operations are only breaking even though they have been in the country for seven years. Walmart is doing better, but this was helped by its takeover of Trustmart, a Taiwanese supermarket. Carrefour and Auchan, two French supermarket chains, are doing best, because they adapted more than their rivals to the taste of the Chinese and their shopping preferences, says Ben Cavender at China Market Research in Shanghai. Carrefour, for instance, introduced what is known as â€Å"wet markets† in most of its outlets: open food markets that sell live animals. To be successful in India, Walmart, Carrefour and Tesco will need to give their local managers a lot of autonomy to adapt their stores. India boasts more than 20 official languages, three major religions and many, very different culinary traditions. Big Bazaar, one of the few Indian hypermarket chains, shows how far such adaptation will have to go. Instead of copying the narrow aisles in Western stores, designed for individual shoppers with carts, the firm has packed its stores with clusters through which shoppers have to navigate. This recreates the organised chaos Indians know from shopping in real bazaars: bumping into people, chatting and eating. All these international retail shops offer a wider variety and larger quantity of some items, but lacked the personal touch. They do not have the quality of personalized touch that a normal Kiryana store offers to its customers, thus it will take a long way to establish the retail market in India, but the wait is for the final say by the government of India. REFERENCE www.walmartstores.com http://www.ey.com/IN/en/Newsroom/News-releases/Published-editorial—FDI-in-retail—MNC-retailers-to-select-partners-with-suitable-capabilities FDI in India’s Retail Sector More Bad than Good? – By Mohan Guruswamy, Kamal Sharma, Jeevan Prakash Mohanty, Thomas J. Korah http://business.in.com/article/magazine-extra/walmarts-strategy-through-the-world/6042/1#ixzz1fpdJwzyd www.indiaretailing.com http://business.in.com/article/web-special/loyalty-networks-poised-to-enter-indian-market/30972/1#ixzz1fpikaw00 http://www.ibef.org/download/Retail_270111.pdf http://retail.franchiseindia.com/interviews/Debutant/Bagging-profits-59/ Issue 37 September 2011: http://www.dnb.co.in/Ind_cursorpdf/Industry_Cursor_September_2011.pdf http://www.ramms.co.in/admin/application/source/files/news/39_RRN-Sept%202011.pdf FDI in retail: MNC retailers to select partners with suitable capabilities: Economic Times By Paresh Parekh, Tax Partner, Ernst & Young

My Personal Experience And Educational Development

In my early twenties, I knew that I wanted to pursue a career that would help others recognize their challenges. With social work I am able to empower and liberate people to enhance their well-being, therefore, I feel I can do this in a caring and supportive way. I am continuing my college education in social work so that I can help others succeed in life, and help those in need to overcome obstacles and challenges. My goal is to provide others with the essential tools to be successful in life and become more active members of society. My primary objective is to promote lifelong achievement and happiness by employing the knowledge and insight that I have gained through my personal experience and educational development. I am passionate about empowering people and being able to give a voice to the vulnerable. Social workers will often work with clients from all walks of life, therefore it is imperative to keep an open mind. There are many social workers that will encounter different c ircumstances that bring them face to face with conflicts between their personal values and the values of their profession. When one enters the profession of social work, our personal opinions are put aside in order to treat the person with whom we are working even if we feel their values and ideas are wrong. This can be one of the hardest aspects of being a social worker. Social workers are expected to embrace a diversity of values and people. Learning to do this can be a process in which thisShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Child Brain Development933 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussion on the importance of child brain development. Ms. Kees is proficient in the field, working with a non-profit organization that provides educational resources for adolescences and teenagers with mental and learning disabilities. 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